Introduction
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pile sebaceous unit in skin. It presents with skin lesions such as comedones (open and closed), papules, pustules and nodules which generally affect the face but may also affect the back, chest and upper arms. Acne, if not treated may become severe and leave scars and may have a psychological impact on the patient. Generally affects adolescents and young adults.
Clinical Presentation
Open comedones or black heads and closed comedone or whiteheads do not present with local inflammation therefore are considered to be non inflammatory lesions. Papules, pustules, nodules and cysts are considered to be inflammatory lesions. Local symptoms of acne can be pain , tenderness and /or erythema.
Grading of Severity
Comedones Acne: comedones but no inflammatory lesions
Mild Acne: multiple comedones with few papulopustules
Moderate Acne: has comedones, inflammatory papules and pustules
Severe Acne: multiple papulopustules and nodules great than 5mm. Scarring is often evident.
Pathogenesis
Increased sebum production by sebaceous gland, hyperkeratinization of the follicle,colonisation of the follicle by a microorganism 'propionibacterium acnes' followed by an inflammatory reaction.
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pile sebaceous unit in skin. It presents with skin lesions such as comedones (open and closed), papules, pustules and nodules which generally affect the face but may also affect the back, chest and upper arms. Acne, if not treated may become severe and leave scars and may have a psychological impact on the patient. Generally affects adolescents and young adults.
Clinical Presentation
Open comedones or black heads and closed comedone or whiteheads do not present with local inflammation therefore are considered to be non inflammatory lesions. Papules, pustules, nodules and cysts are considered to be inflammatory lesions. Local symptoms of acne can be pain , tenderness and /or erythema.
Grading of Severity
Comedones Acne: comedones but no inflammatory lesions
Mild Acne: multiple comedones with few papulopustules
Moderate Acne: has comedones, inflammatory papules and pustules
Severe Acne: multiple papulopustules and nodules great than 5mm. Scarring is often evident.
Pathogenesis
Increased sebum production by sebaceous gland, hyperkeratinization of the follicle,colonisation of the follicle by a microorganism 'propionibacterium acnes' followed by an inflammatory reaction.
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